听力材料的选材原则一般基于以下三点：
一、对话部分为校园生活中的一般对话，句子结构和内容不太复杂。
二、短文部分的材料是题材熟、情节不太复杂的故事、讲话或叙述等。
三、所用词汇一般不超过教学大纲词汇表规定的范围。
试卷结构分析
听力理解部分测试学生获取口头信息的能力。录音材料用标准的英式或美式英语朗读，语速四级约每分钟130词，六级约每分钟150词。听力部分分值比例为35%，其中对话占15%，短文占20%.考试时间30分钟。
对话部分包括短对话和长对话，采用多项选择题的形式进行考核。短对话有8段，每段提一个问题;长对话有2段，每段提3-4个问题;对话部分共15题。每段对话均朗读一遍，每个问题后留有13-15秒的答题时间。
短文部分包括短文理解及单词和词组听写。短文理解有3篇，采用多项选择题的形式进行考核。四级每篇长度为220-250词，六级为 240-270词。每篇短文朗读一遍，提3-4个问题，每个问题后留有13-15秒的答题时间，共10题。单词及词组听写采用1篇短文，四级的长度为 220-250词，六级为240-270词。要求考生在听懂短文的基础上用所听到的原文填写空缺的单词或词组，共10题。短文播放三遍。
简介：四级考试中的听力部分是四级整卷的一个重要部分，听力水*的高低将在一定程度上影响总的四级得分。以下一些由考试专家及热心网友整理出的听力经验、技巧方法等内容，帮助大家提升听力水*。
包含内容：考试听力、复*、听力策略、备考训练
重要程度：对于听力水*不佳的同学来说是较为重要的，注重提升听力练*技巧及效率。
资源性质：经验介绍、技巧分享、效率提升
信息热度：火热关注中
篇幅长短：长度中等
一.四级考试大纲对听力的要求
在国家英语四级考试中，听力部分占总分的20%，即20分。《大纲》对于四级的要求是：对于题材熟悉，句子结构比较简单，基本上没有生词，语速每分钟约120词的听力材料，一遍可以听懂，理解的准确率不低于70%。听力是考试的重点，也是*学生的弱点。因此掌握四级听力技巧对于通过考试至关重要。
二.四级听力题型
1.SectionA(对话题)：对话题基本是衣、食、住、行等日常生活中常见的话题和学校生活的话题。
2.SectionB(短文理解题)：ScetionB一般由三篇短文组成，每篇字数在150-170左右，只读一遍，然后提出三到四个问题要求考生进行选择，主要测试的是考生的语篇记忆力和整体的听力理解能力。
听力技巧-把握主题
听力和阅读需要许多技巧。发现某段落的主题就是其中之一。
什么是段落主题?怎样才能找到它?
段落主题也可理解为这个段落的中心意思，或者是体现这个段落的主旨和方向的核心意思。换句话说就是，你找主题的过程也就是确定这个段落的主要目的的过程：它是要告诉你一件事?还是解释说明，亦或是详细叙述?它是要与其它某事或某物作比较，还是要反驳某件事，亦或是就某点说服你?凡此种种目的，不一而足。明白了这一点，你就能够比较容易地找到段落的中心意思了。
体现段落中心意思的句子叫主题句，常放在段首，而且往往是段落的第一句。其后所跟的其它句子，提供支持这个主题句的全部细节。
当要讨论的是一个比较费解的意思，或者说当一个段落的目的是要说服你时，主题句有时放在段末。
如果某个段落有着暗含的中心意思，通常没有明确的主题句来体现。这个暗含的中心意思要从这个段落的整体来把握。
听力技巧-学会放过
许多英语学*者认为听力理解的最大难点是，听者无法控制说话者的语速。往往还没来得及把一个意思弄明白，而说话者就已经转到另一个意思上去了，不像阅读书面文章那样，可以返回头重看前面的内容。这种现象表明这些听力练*者跟不上说话人的语速。有两种听不懂的情况，一种是，太专注于思索刚听到的一句话，而无法听到下面的话;另一种情况是，因为不能足够迅速地把所有听到的整理一清而遗漏了整段话。
另一个难点是听者不能老让说话人重复其前面所说过的话。此外，当你听收音机或看电视时，当然也不能让其重复。
尽管在某些情况下可以打断说话者要求其讲得更清楚，但词汇选择权在说话者而非听者。有时，听者可以从上下文发现某个词的意思。但对于听外语的人来说，一个生词经常就象突然不期而至的障碍一样，使其停下来思考这个词的意思，而把后面的讲话全部漏掉。在听的过程中，这确实是一?quot;稍纵即逝"的现象。
事实上，在听的时候，学会放过某些暂时不明白的词或句子不去追究而接着听下面的话往往会得到ss意想不到的惊喜效果。而且，说话者对这些东西往往不只说一次，或者会在接下来的话中换一种方式说，或者另一个说话人会对前面所说过的作反应。这样，没有对某个一知半解的意思苦苦思索的听者就会有第二次，甚至第三次机会把前面略过的意思补全了。
学生们要学会跟上说话者的思想速度(甚至比说话者还要快)，即使这意味着将某些没有听清或听懂的放过去。H.H.斯特恩教授说，一个善于学*语言的人是那种"能够忍受认知上一时糊涂和缺欠的人"。这一点的确是真的。要成为一个好的听者，记住这点很重要。
——大学英语四级听力在线练* (菁华3篇)
From Learning English, this is In the News.
Nouri al-Maliki said Thursday that he would leave his position as prime minister of Iraq. His decision opened the way for Haider Jawad al-Abadi to take Mr. Malikis place.
Former colleagues describe Mr. Abadi as a good speaker and a direct person who is open to the ideas of others. He will need strong qualities. Among the issues facing the new prime minister are extremist militancy, religious division and political dis*s.
The man now responsible for leading Iraq out of crisis was born in Baghdad. But he has lived much of his life outside the country. For example, he worked in Britain as an advisor in the engineering industry until the United States invaded Iraq in 2003.
His family suffered under the rule of Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein. Saddams government arrested two of Mr. Abadis brothers in 1980 for their association with the Dawa Party and executed them two years later. In 1981, the government arrested a third brother for the same reason. That brother survived. But he spent 10 years in prison.
Mr. Abadi also was involved in the Dawa Party while in London. He served as an active party leader in exile.
He returned home to enter politics after Saddam was ousted from leadership. As communications minister, Mr.Abadi rebuilt telephone systems that had been destroyed by war. He also brought the first mobile and Internet communications services into the country.
From Learning English, this is the Technology Report.
There are increasing calls for lawmakers to reconsider copyright laws that protect the owners of 3-D printing designs. But there is also concern that extensive laws could suppress new ideas. 3-D printers have spread from scientific labs to industrial workshops to private homes. And prices of 3-D printers continue to drop.
Designers demonstrate a large number of different machines at 3-D print shows. There are models that can produce complex copies of human organs. There are less costly 3-D printers that make toys for children or parts for home electrical devices.
One German automaker recently demonstrated an example of a car structure printed in one piece. And a Chinese manufacturer advertised a house created in a 3-D printer.
With the help of com*r, almost anyone can print exact copies of many kinds of objects. But they also violate the law in doing so.
Julie Samuels is a lawyer with the civil liberties group, Electronic Frontier Foundation. She says people should be careful about what they create when using 3-D printers.
If a certain design that you want to print is covered by copyright, then if you print that you are infringing, arguably, someones copyright, said Julie Samuels.
But 3-D companies are concerned about passing more restrictive copyright protection laws. They think these laws could place bans on the rights of citizens. They also believe restrictive copyright laws could suppress technological invention.
How Did Thanksgiving Turkey Get its Name?
感恩节“火鸡”是如何得名?
The U.S. Thanksgiving holiday is symbolized by its traditional food, a large bird we call a turkey. But turkey is certainly not from Turkey.
In fact, its English name is based on one big mistake. We could say it is a case of mistaken identity.
Let’s set the record straight.
The word “Turkey” has meant “the land of the Turks” since ancient times. The word “turkey” as it refers to the bird first appeared in the English language in the mid-1500s.
The misunderstanding over the word happened because of two similar-looking kinds of birds.
There is an African bird called the guinea fowl. It has dark feathers with white spots and a patch of brown on the back of its neck. Portuguese traders brought the guinea fowl to Europe through North Africa.
This foreign bird came to Europe through Turkish lands. So, the English thought of the bird as a “Turkish chicken.”
When Europeans came to North America, they saw a bird that looked like the guinea fowl. This bird was native to the North American continent.
Orin Hargraves is a lexicographer, someone who writes dictionaries. Hargraves explains what happened.
“Some Europeans saw an American turkey, thought that it was the guinea fowl, which at that time was called the ‘turkey cock,’ and so gave it the same name."
Hundreds of years later, we continue to call this North American bird “turkey,” even though it has no connection at all with the country Turkey, or even with Europe.
But English is not the only language with interesting -- and even questionable -- names for this North American bird.
The Turkish, for their part, call turkey “hindi,” the Turkish name for India. The reference to India probably comes from the old, wrong idea that the New World was in Eastern Asia.
The French call it “dinde,” a name that also connects the bird to India. “D’Inde” means “from India” in the French language. “Turkey” has similar names in several other languages.
So, what do they call this North American bird in India? Well, in the Hindi language, “turkey” is “tarki.”
But wait, there’s more. In Portuguese, the same bird is called “Peru,” after the South American nation.
Thanks to our VOA Learning English Facebook friends, we have a few more names for “turkey” to share with you.
The Vietnamese word for the bird is “gà ty” or western chicken. Our Facebook friend Nguyen Duc explains that “local chicken is smaller than western chicken.”
A Facebook friend in Myanmar explained that the Burmese word for “turkey” is “kyat sin.” The name translates to “elephant chicken” in English.
“That animal looks like a big chicken,” Zaw Myo Win explained.
The Dari language name for the bird, "fel murgh" also translates to “elephant chicken.”
Abdulla Kawer explained to us that “here in Afghanistan this name represents the size of this delicious meal.” He adds that he thinks the descriptive name “elephant chicken” is “better than a country name.”
I’m Ashley Thompson.
_______________________________________________________
Words in This Story
symbolize - v. to represent or express a particular idea or quality
translate - v. to change words from one language into another language
——大学英语四级听力技巧优选【五】份
对话式听力有两种。第一种类型中每组对话一般是在一对男女之间进行的一问一答，问题一般由先讲话的人提出，题目均以问题形式出现，其中多数是特殊疑问句。这些问题涉及的内容大致归纳如下：
(1)：问“是什么、要什么、讨论什么、什么种类”
(2)：问“做什么”
(3)：问“什么含义”
(4)：问“从对话中能获得什么信息或结论”
(5)：问“对某人某事有什么看法”
(6)：问“讲话的两人是什么关系”
第二种类型中有两个较长的对话，每个对话后设有2—4个问题，提出的问题主要问“对话可能是在哪里发生的”等。如：Where does this conversation?这部分听力相对比较简单，考生从所给出的选项就可以推测出很多题在问什么，知道在对话中重点应该听什么，什么是关键词，从而选出正确的选项。
一.四级考试大纲对听力的要求
在国家英语四级考试中，听力部分占总分的20%，即20分。《大纲》对于四级的要求是：对于题材熟悉，句子结构比较简单，基本上没有生词，语速每分钟约120词的听力材料，一遍可以听懂，理解的准确率不低于70%。听力是考试的重点，也是中国学生的弱点。因此掌握四级听力技巧对于通过考试至关重要。
二.四级听力题型
1.Section A(对话题)：对话题基本是衣、食、住、行等日常生活中常见的话题和学校生活的话题。
2.Section B(短文理解题)：Scetion B一般由三篇短文组成，每篇字数在150-170左右，只读一遍，然后提出三到四个问题要求考生进行选择，主要测试的是考生的语篇记忆力和整体的听力理解能力。
听力技巧-把握主题
听力和阅读需要许多技巧。发现某段落的主题就是其中之一。
什么是段落主题?怎样才能找到它?
段落主题也可理解为这个段落的中心意思，或者是体现这个段落的主旨和方向的核心意思。换句话说就是，你找主题的过程也就是确定这个段落的主要目的的过程：它是要告诉你一件事?还是解释说明，亦或是详细叙述?它是要与其它某事或某物作比较，还是要反驳某件事，亦或是就某点说服你?凡此种种目的，不一而足。明白了这一点，你就能够比较容易地找到段落的中心意思了。
体现段落中心意思的句子叫主题句，常放在段首，而且往往是段落的第一句。其后所跟的其它句子，提供支持这个主题句的全部细节。
当要讨论的是一个比较费解的意思，或者说当一个段落的目的是要说服你时，主题句有时放在段末。
如果某个段落有着暗含的中心意思，通常没有明确的主题句来体现。这个暗含的中心意思要从这个段落的整体来把握。
听力技巧-学会放过
许多英语学*者认为听力理解的最大难点是，听者无法控制说话者的语速。往往还没来得及把一个意思弄明白，而说话者就已经转到另一个意思上去了，不像阅读书面文章那样，可以返回头重看前面的内容。这种现象表明这些听力练*者跟不上说话人的语速。有两种听不懂的情况，一种是，太专注于思索刚听到的一句话，而无法听到下面的话;另一种情况是，因为不能足够迅速地把所有听到的整理一清而遗漏了整段话。
另一个难点是听者不能老让说话人重复其前面所说过的话。此外，当你听收音机或看电视时，当然也不能让其重复。
尽管在某些情况下可以打断说话者要求其讲得更清楚，但词汇选择权在说话者而非听者。有时，听者可以从上下文发现某个词的意思。但对于听外语的人来说，一个生词经常就象突然不期而至的障碍一样，使其停下来思考这个词的意思，而把后面的讲话全部漏掉。在听的过程中，这确实是一?quot;稍纵即逝"的现象。
事实上，在听的时候，学会放过某些暂时不明白的词或句子不去追究而接着听下面的话往往会得到ss意想不到的惊喜效果。而且，说话者对这些东西往往不只说一次，或者会在接下来的话中换一种方式说，或者另一个说话人会对前面所说过的作反应。这样，没有对某个一知半解的意思苦苦思索的听者就会有第二次，甚至第三次机会把前面略过的意思补全了。
学生们要学会跟上说话者的思想速度(甚至比说话者还要快)，即使这意味着将某些没有听清或听懂的放过去。H.H.斯特恩教授说，一个善于学*语言的人是那种"能够忍受认知上一时糊涂和缺欠的人"。这一点的确是真的。要成为一个好的听者，记住这点很重要。
一、对话式听力有两种类型
第一种类型中每组对话一般是在一男女之间进行的一问一答， 问题一般由先讲话的人提出，题目均以问题形式出现，其中多数的特殊疑问句。这些问题涉及的内容大致归纳如下：
(1)：问“是什么、要什么、讨论什么、什么种类”
(2)：问“做什么”
(3)：问“什么含义”
(4)：问“从对话中能获得什么信息或结论”
(5)：问“对某人某事有什么看法”
(6)：问“讲话的两人是什么关系”
第二种类型中有两个较长的对话，每个对话后设有2―4个问题，提出的问题主要问“对话可能是在? ?场所发生的” 等。如：Where does this conversation?这部分听力相对比较简单，大家从所给出的选项就可以推测出很多题在问什么，知道在对话中重点应该听什么，什么是关键词，从而选出正确的选项。
二、短文式听力提问方式最常见的'4种类型答题技巧
1、中心思想题：
这类问题主要是测试文章的主要思想。提问方式一般为：What is the passage mainly about?What can we learn from this passage? What is the main idea of the passage?等等。集中精力听好短文开头，因为四级听力短文一般会开门见山，把中心思想置于文章的开头。
2、事实细节题
考察细节包括具体时间、地点、主要人物、事件、各类数字等，问题一般为：wh―questiuon形式。这种题型要求大家听到文中出现时间、数字时一定要特别敏感，及时做好笔记;文中一旦出现以因果连词(如：because，so，due to等)和转折连词(如but，however，though等)引导的句子，也要格外留心，这些地方往往就是考点。
3、对错判断题
攻口：Which of the following is true/not true，according to the passage? Which of the following is not mentioned?等等。这种题型一定要听清提问， 对于有没有not一词要弄清楚，一般情况下，not一词会重读。
4、推理推测题
这类题型需对文中信息进行分析推断，才能作出正确的选择。提问方式有：What can we infer from the passage? What does the speaker most concerned about? What does the speaker think about the problem?等等。
三、听写填空式听力的应试技巧
1、理解好题意，做到心中有数
在听写考试中，不少同学由于过度紧张而忽视了题意，导致本应该得到的分从手中错过。今年Dictation考试中 从one to seven应填single word;从eight to ten则要求use your words to finish the sentence，有的同学在做第8~10个填空时，由于没弄懂题意， 只想着全部听写下来，结果感到速度太快，记不下来，听写部分意思虽然理解了，也没用自己的话来表达， 白白地丢掉了好几分。
2、抢看短文，预测听写内容
听写的短文一般在100-200词左右，共重复三遍，大家可利用听正文前的空隙，略看一下短文，做到“有的放矢”。去年6月份大学英语四级考试中的听写文章， 大家只要扫一眼便会知道是一篇关于学生压力与父母关系的问题，这样就不会措手不及，心慌意乱，影响正常水*的发挥了。
3、使用速记方法，从文中找出答案
同学们在听写时，往往记下了听写的第一个词，而后面的则匆匆而过，来不及填写，针对这一问题，小叶认为考试中应采用速记方法，迅速记下每个听到的单词，听到的内容，不让每个单词漏网。此外，大家还出现另一种现象，就是听懂了词意，不会写单词。这种情况。大家可从上下文找找，看是否有帮助指示的地方。
听写的短文一般在100、200词左右，会重复三遍，考生可利用听正文前的空隙，大略的看一下短文，。学生们在听写时，往往记下了听写的第一个词，后面的来不及填写，针对这一问题，考试中应采用速记方法，迅速记下每个听到的单词，听到的内容，不让每个单词漏网。有些听不懂的意思，考生可从上下文找找，看是否有帮助指示的地方。
条件句有两种，一是真实条件句，二是虚拟条件句。真实条件句表达的意思是直接而明显的，一般指有可能实现;虚拟条件句是间接而含蓄的。对后者应有足够的谨慎。下面两个例子可作为说明：
原文：
M: If I go to the store,will you make dinner for us tonight?
W: Bring back enough food.
Q: What will the woman do if the man shops?
选项：
A) The woman will cook.
B) He won't buy enough.
C) He'll get in a bad mood.
D) He will make dinner.
答案：A)。又如：
原文：
W: Did you see film last night?
M: I wouldn't have gone to see it if I'd known it was boring.
Q: Where was the man last night?
选项：
A) In a bar.
B) In a cinema.
C) At a lecture.
D) Unreasonable.
答案：B)。
条件句中以if引导居多，注意这种句式的表达特点。它们经常用省略的形式，如if possible，if any，if not，if so，if necessary，if needed等，听省略形式的.条件句，主要应该抓住主句的基本内容，因为条件句不易听错，只要抓住了主句的基本内容，就能正确做题。
此外，表示条件的连词，除了if外，还有as long as，so long as，suppose，supposing，let's say等。
——英语四级听力技巧优选【5】篇
一、短对话原则
1. 推理原则：一般需对对话进行推理，故直接在对话中听到的一般不是正确答案。
2. 挫折原则：通常要办的事情都是不顺利的(如买东西买不到，订房间客满等)
3. 男女原则：一般男生比较衰，女生比较牛。男生提出的观点女生都是不同意或有不同看法的，反之女生提出的观点男生都是同意和赞赏的。
男生的特征：脏、乱、差、浪费、穷、小气、不良*惯、迟钝、不顾家
女生的特征：爱干净、节约、富有、好学、能干、聪明、大度、耐心、恋家、除数理化外成绩都很好
父母一般只有一个作用教育子女好好学*
除了父母教育子女外，家里(包括朋友家，阿姨家等等)发生的事情一般是不考的，故遇到地点推测题类似 at home / at Mary’s home之类的选项一般都是不对的'。
听力短对话只考日常生活学*中遇得到事情，问题，故如果选项中出现一些日常生活中不太可能发生或很少发生的事情一般不会是正确选项。
短对话十大场景及一般思路
1. 借车：车一般是借不到的
2. 吃：匹萨，海鲜吃了一般会有不适反应，“派”一般比较好吃
3. 考试：作业、论文一般比较难，或须要熬夜
教授一般比较严厉
选修课较难较多
二、正确答案的特征
1. 含义肯定的不是正确选项，模糊的是正确选项
意思具体的不是正确选项，概括的是正确选项
意思详细的不是正确选项，抽象的是正确选项
意思肤浅的不是正确选项，深刻的是正确选项
买票：基本上是买不到的
医院：需要预约make an appointment
休闲：男生一般喜欢待在家里看TV或者看moive，女生一般喜欢高雅艺术如theater
论文：一般需要修改(polish)或重写(rewrite)
含有一下单词的一般是正确选项
neither / either / also / besides / almost / especially / possibly / probably / likely perhaps / might / may / maybe / could /can / all / none
关于时间推断题
1. 直接听到的不选
2. 极限值即值最大和最小的选项一般不选
关于数字计算题
1. 灾难题(如飞机失事、交通事故)：一般选总和
2. 号码题
double 表示两个，double two =22
triple 表示三个，triple two = 222
凡是遇到一时反映不过来或听不懂的数字一般为“0”
语段题概述
从文章题材来分：三分之二考说明文，三分之一考记叙文，偶尔也考议论文，新闻报道
从文章内容来分：二分之一考社科类，三分之一考故事，其他还考自然科学，人物传记
坐车(飞机、轮船)：一般都需要等
事故(灾难)：光明原则，一般不会死人
听讲座：题目一般是比较有趣丰富的，内容一般是比较复杂难懂的
英语四级听力技巧范文
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一.改快为慢，精听为王
很多小伙伴一听到英语新闻就蒙圈了，全然不知道在说什么。这个时候小编建议你从听慢速新闻开始，这样也可以听清单词发音，培养英语语感。同时这个时期也是词汇量进行储备的阶段。经过一段时间的训练，当你能全然听懂的时候，就可以开始听常速新闻了。这个时候就进入了真正的精听阶段了，CNN、BBC或AP News每个小时开始的英语新闻，你可以下载下来，带上耳机反反复复的听，不断的听，直到把每个表达、每个停顿、每个节奏全部听懂为止。分句分段听，八遍不行，听十遍。自己听出来的东西，在脑子里可以形成深刻的印象。
精听还有个很好的方法，就是听写 Dictation，边听边写，把所听的内容转成文字写出来。一开始做听写的时候可能进步比较慢，但只要你咬牙坚持下来，这样的训练可以让你的英语有质的`飞跃。
二.听说同步，跟读模仿
常说，学英语听说不分家。确实如此，练*听力不仅要用耳朵听，还要动嘴说。选一些难度适中的新闻，进行跟读模仿。这个时候一些语言现象也会在你模仿中体会出来，比如：英语单词的弱化、连读和省略，句重音，节奏等。这样，在跟读模仿的同时，你的口语也会得到强化。老是听新闻如果感到枯燥的话，也可以换一些著名的英语演讲进行模仿跟读。经过一段时间的努力和积累，你就熟悉了英国人或美国人的发音规律和节奏，听新闻的时候也会更加的游刃有余。
三.信息匹配，大量阅读
听是接受信息，但是这个信息如果在脑子里之前没有储备，搜索不到相关的内容进行匹配，肯定就会不知所云。这个时候就需要你通过大量的阅读报刊杂志来充实你的脑袋。现在有很多在线的新闻网站如：BBC、CNN、Reuters、New York Times等。报纸方面，小编推荐《今日美国》和《***》;刊物方面，小编推荐《经济学人》《时代周刊》《纽约客》《科学美国人》等。经过大量阅读，你不仅积累了词汇，还熟悉了新闻的套路，听起新闻来自然就轻而易举了。
2017英语四级听力技巧
英语四级听力想要快速提分，除了*日复*多听音频复述及听写，还要懂得一些英语四级听力技巧，下面是小编为大家带来的大学英语四级听力技巧。
2017英语四级听力技巧(一)
英语四级听力考试常常涉及一些地名，在汉语中，我们对地名感到容易掌握，是因为*时见多识广。其实，英语中的地名也有类似的感觉。像Paris(巴黎)，Washington(华盛顿)等，一听就能立即判断出是哪里。
在英语四级听力材料中(特别是Section B)，当你听到一个不熟悉的地名时，首先不要慌张，如果它和所设题目关系不大，可放掉它，如果所设题目和地名有关，你可以从相关信息中推理。
下面是一些著名的城市：
伦敦 London
爱丁堡 Edinburgh
芝加哥 Chicago
洛杉矶 Los Angeles
凤凰城 Phoenix
圣安东尼奥 San Antonio
西雅图 Seattle
波特兰 Portland
盐湖城 Salt Lake City
丹佛 Denver
波士顿 Boston
亚特兰大 Atlanta
迈阿密 Miami
渥太华 Ottawa
堪培拉 Canberra
日内瓦 Geneva
罗马 Rome
悉尼 Sydney
梵蒂冈城 Vatican city
撇开单纯的考试形式，熟悉常用地名对提高阅读能力也有帮助。例如：
W: Where did you go on your vacation?
M: I spent a week in Toronto.
Q: In which country did the man spend his holiday?
四个选项中，你会找到加拿大这个国家。做对这道题的前提是你知道多伦多(Toronto)是加拿大一个港市。
但是，世界上的地名太多，你的目标只是掌握一些常见的。即便如此，这也是一项繁重的工作，需要童鞋们努力去积累，这是顺利通过四级并为通过六级考试打下基础的必要准备。
2017英语四级听力技巧(二)
在英语四级听力材料中，有很多是围绕有关外国货币的内容设计的，因此，熟悉一些主要国家的货币名称也很重要。常见的货币名称可以提示你对话发生在什么国家或地区，也为证明说话者身份提供了信息。下面列举一些常见货币名称：
Dollar 美国 美元
Franc 法国 法郎
Lira 意大利 里拉
Mark 德国 马克
Peso 墨西哥 比索
Pound 英国 磅
Rouble 俄罗斯 卢布
Yen 日本 日元
其它的一些货币名称，考生只需了解。另外，考生还应知道在美元体系中，还有dime(一角银币)，nickle(5分镍币)，cent(分)等单位及其之间关系。
讲到货币，就不能不讲到银行，因此还要对银行系统相关词汇有所了解。银行是负责货币流通的机构，主要业务有：
存款 deposit
汇款 remittance
兑换 exchange
外币 foreign currency
汇率 rate
信用卡credit card
旅行支票 travelling check
遗产委托 heritage entrustment
金融市场 financial market
证券交易所 stock exchange
银行扣除 deduct
短文式听力提问方式最常见的4种类型答题技巧
1. 中心思想题：
这类问题主要是测试文章的主要思想。提问方式一般为：What is the passage mainly about?What can we learn from this passage? What is the main idea of the passage?等等。集中精力听好短文开头， 因为四级听力短文一般会开门见山，把中心思想置于文章的开头。
2. 事实细节题
考察细节包括具体时间、地点、主要人物、事件、各类数字等，问题一般为：wh—questiuon形式。这种题型要求考生听到文中出现时间、数字时一定要特别敏感，及时做好笔记;文中一旦出现以因果连词(如：because,so等)和转折连词(如but,however,though等)引导的句子，也要格外留心，这些地方往往就是考点。
3. 对错判断题
如：Which of the following is true/not true,according to the passage? Which of the following is not mentioned?等等。这种题型一定要听清提问，对于有没有not一词要弄清楚，一般情况下，not一词会重读。
4. 推理推测题
这类题型需对文中信息进行分析推断，才能作出正确的选择。提问方式有：What can we infer from the passage?What does the speaker most concerned about? What does the speaker think about the problem?等等。
英语四级听力技巧
引导语：听力一直都是众多考生的心中之痛，如何把握好听力呢?下面小编就来和大家分享一些英语四级听力的技巧吧，希望以下文章内容可以帮助到大家。
一、认真对待选项，从选项中抓关键信息。
具体来说，在听前短短的几秒之内，我们要确定各个选项的主要内容，重点标记名词、动词等实词。为了节省我们的阅读时间，提高记忆效率。
我们阅读选项时：一要竖看，确定相同之处;二要横看，确定不同之处，尤其是意思的正向负向方面。正向表示积极乐观等正能量，负向表示消极悲观等负能量。三要找出重复性高的词，这些词一般是与主题相关的词，具有路标的功能。下面我们来看真题中的几个例子。
l例1：
lA)One fifth of them were on bad terms with their sisters and brothers.
lB)About one eighth of them admitted to lingering bitter feelings.
lC)More than half of them were involved in inheritance disputes.
lD)Most of them had broken with their sisters and brothers.
竖看：
相同之处： them
横看：
不同之处：百分比不同，所做事情不同
确定关键词：
on bad terms with, lingering bitter feelings, disputes, had broken with
这些词都表示家人关系如何，都为负向
例2：
lA)Less concern with money ***.
lB)More experience in worldly affairs.
lC)Advance in age.
lD)Freedom from work.
竖看：
相同之处：短语
横看：
具体内容，其中A、D为正向，C比较客观。
确定关键词：
Money, worldly affairs, age, freedom
和日常生活相关
例3：
A)They have little time left to renew contact with their brothers and sisters.
B)They tend to forget past unhappy memories and focus on their present needs .
C)They are more tolerant of one another.
D)They find close relatives more reliable.
竖看：
相同之处：they
横看：
不同之处：内容，A为负向，B、C、D为正向。
确定关键词：
brothers and sisters, one another, relatives
亲属关系
二、通过选项内容合理推测听力文章内容，确定大概话题范围。
汉语交流过程中大多情况下我们不会产生语言障碍，一方面是因为我们有一定的语言积累，另一方面是因为我们对语境有很好的把握。在听别人说话时，我们预先会推测对方会谈论什么内容，并作相关的心理准备。同样，英文听力过程中，我们也应该这样做，但是由于我们语言积累不足，常常把过多的精力放在听的过程中而忽略了听前的心理准备。以上面的真题为例我们在分析完选项之后要能推测出文章谈论的问题——生活中亲戚之间的关系。
三、顺序原则：
注意题目和文章的考点有先后顺序对应的关系。可以边听边看选项，注意在相关选项后面作上笔记以供参考。
四、 注意表示逻辑关系的词汇：
注意表示转折和对比的逻辑词：
but，however，nevertheless，while，in fact，whereas， unexpectedly, unfortunately, yet, except, on the other hand, compared to，unlike，instead，in contrast to等等。
注意表示因果的逻辑词：
as a result;since，due to;because of; therefore, thus, so
注意表示否定的逻辑词：
not, no, rarely, seldom, never
转折、因果、否定部分的内容一般是说话人强调的内容，也是考试的重点，所以当我们听到表示这些逻辑关系的词汇时，一定要注意记笔记，一般是答案区间所在。
五、强调原则：
1.含义强调 ：specially，especially，indeed，certainly，only，certainly
2.解释原则： which is，that is，which means, that is to say,
3.举例强调： for example，for instance，such as，illustrate
4.结论强调： above all，in short，in a word, in conclusion，all in all，in brief
5.重复强调;
短文中重复率很高的词或者概念往往就是该短文的主题。
六、开头原则：
开头往往会引出话题，或是交代文章要论述的.内容，这些句子需要仔细听。同时联系我们*时已有的相关话题信息进行推测文章发生的场景或是文章接下来要谈论的要点，这样有利于提高我们对下面听力文章吸收和理解的效度。此外，开头容易设考点，询问文章主题。
七、结尾原则：
在文章到最后的时刻和问题开始读的时刻中间会有一定时间的停顿。这个停顿相当重要，使得我们明确文章结束以及最后说的什么。结尾也容易设置考点，询问事情的最终结果。
八、专有名词原则：
主要是人名和机构名称。无论是不是名人，都要关注人物的身份以及地位、贡献。 如果人名或是机构名称不会写，可以根据读音只写首字母即可，但是要保证自己清楚。
九、时间原则：
如果选项中出现时间，那么听力过程中出现时间时需要做好相关具体信息的记录。
十、观点原则
需要注意文章中表示观点的句子，通常出现在例子之前，某人或机构的看法。
——6月英语四级听力原题及答案「」3篇
1. W： I can‘t seem to reach the tea at the back of the cupboard.
M： Oh… Why don‘t you use the ladder? You might strain your shoulder.
Q： What does the man suggest the woman do?
2. W： Since it‘s raining so hard， let’s go and see the new exhibits.
M： That‘s a good idea. Mary Johnson is one of my favorite painters.
Q： Where does the conversation most probably take place?
3. M： I hear the students gave the new teacher an unfair evaluation.
W： It depends on which student you are talking about.
Q： What does the woman im*?
4. W： It must have taken you a long time to fix up all these book shelves.
M： It wasn‘t too bad. I got Doris to do some of them.
Q： What does the man mean?
5. W： Rod， I hear you‘ll be leaving at the end of this month. Is it true?
M： Yeah. I‘ve been offered a much better position with another firm. I’d be a fool to turn it down.
Q： Why is the man quitting his job?
6. W： I honestly don‘t want to continue the gardening tomorrow， Tony?
M： Neither do I. But I think we should get it over with this weekend.
Q： What does the man mean?
7. W： You‘ve already furnished your apartment?
M： I found some used furniture that was dirt cheap.
Q： What do we learn from the conversation?
8. W： Has the mechanic called the bus repairers?
M： Not yet .I‘ll let you know when he calls.
Q： What do we learn from the conversation?
9. A She had a job interview to attend
10. C Submit her roommate's assignment
11. A Where Dr. Ellis's office is located
12. C He can handle it quite well
13. B The 6:30 one
14. C The time on the train is enjoyable
15. A Reading newspapers.
Passage One
Most American college students need to be efficient readers. This is necessary because full-time students probably have to read several hundred pages every week. They don't have time to read a chapter three or four times. They need to extract as much information as possible from the first or second reading.
An extraordinarily important study skill is knowing how to mark a book. Students mark the main ideas and important details with a pen or pencil, yellow or blue or orange. Some students mark new vocabulary in a different color. Most students write questions or short notes in the margins. Marking a book is a useful skill, but it's important to do it right. First, read a chapter with one pen in your hand and others next to you on the desk. Second, read a whole paragraph before you mark anything. Don't mark too much. Usually you will mark about 10% of a passage. Third, decide on your own system for marking. For example, maybe you will mark main ideas in yellow, important details in blue and new words in orange. Maybe you will put question marks in the margin when you don't understand something and before an exam. Instead, you just need to review your marks and you can save a lot of time.
16. What should American college students do to cope with their heavy reading assignments?
17. What suggestion does the speaker give about marking a textbook?
18. How should students prepare for an exam according to the speaker?
Passage Two
The thought of having no sleep for 24 hours or more isn't a pleasant one for most people. The amount of sleep that each person needs varies. In general, each of us needs about 8 hours of sleep each day to keep us healthy and happy. Some people, however, can get by with just a few hours of sleep at night.
It doesn't matter when or how much a person sleeps. But everyone needs some rest to stay alive. Few doctors would have thought that there might be an exception to this. Sleep is, after all, a very basic need. But a man named Al Herpin turned out to be a real exception, for supposedly, he never slept!
Al Herpin was 90 years old when doctors came to his home in New Jersy. They hoped to challenge the claim that he never slept. But they were surprised. Though they watched him every hour of the day, they never saw Herpin sleeping. He did not even own a bed. He never needed one.
The closest that Herpin came to resting was to sit in a rocking chair and read a half dozen newspapers. His doctors were puzzled by the strange case of permanent sleeplessness. Herpin offered the only clue to his condition. He remembered some talk about his mother having been injured several days before he had been born. Herpin died at the age of 94, never, it seems, having slept at all.
19. What is taken for granted by most people?
20. What do doctors think of Al Herpin's case?
21. What could have accounted for Al Herpin's sleeplessness?
Passage Three
Hetty Green was a very spoiled, only child. She was born in Massachusetts USA in 1835. Her father was a millionaire businessman. Her mother was often ill, and so from the age of two her father took her with him to work and taught her about stocks and shares. At the age of six she started reading the daily financial newspapers and opened her own bank account. Her father died when she was 21 and she inherited 7.5 million dollars. She went to New York and invested on Wall Street. Hetty saved every penny, eating in the cheapest restaurants for 15 cents. She became one of the richest and most hated women in the world. At 33 she married Edward Green, a multi-millionaire, and had two children, Ned and Sylvia.
Hetty’s meanness was well-known. She always argued about prices in shops. She walked to the local grocery store to buy broken biscuits which were much cheaper, and to get a free bone for her much loved dog. Once she lost a two-cent stamp and spent the night looking for it. She never bought clothes and always wore the same long, ragged black skirt. Worst of all, when her son, Ned, fell and injured his knee, she refused to pay for a doctor and spent hours looking for free medical help. In the end Ned lost his leg. When she died in 1916 she left her children 100 million dollars. Her daughter built a hospital with her money.
22. What do we learn about Hetty Green as a child?
23. How did Hetty Green become rich overnight?
24. Why was Hetty Green much hated?
25. What do we learn about Hetty's daughter?
2014年6月英语四级真题听力短文部分答案部分：
16. D Get key information by reading just once or twice
17. A Choose one's own system of marking
18. B By reviewing only the marked parts.
19. D Everybody needs some sleep for survival.
20. C It is a rare exception
21. B His mother's injury just before his birth.
22. C She developed a strong interest in finance
——大学英语四级6篇
虽说13年的四六级成绩刚公布不久，但现在距离6月14日四级考试只剩大约70天时间了。四月初是时候拉开备考的大幕了。70天的时间不长不短，你有足够的时间和精力利用这段时间战胜英语四级 特别提示：大三的考生，一定要彻底投入全新备考，因为大四面对论文和工作，是没有精力备考的，赶紧抓住今年的宝贵机会吧。
四月：基础备考
核心：词汇及语法积累
(4月1日至4月16日，每日复*时间：2小时~3小时)
打牢词汇基础是本时段的中心任务。选择任意一本四级词汇书，制定约15日至20日的背词计划。在新词方面，四级与高中水*差别不大。
背词时，需要特别训练“眼熟”的能力，不用刻意强调拼写和多重含义，不停的用翻书或重复识别的方式加强印象即可。背单词最难
的就在短时重复的循环坚持，能多看哪怕一会儿，你就战胜之前的你了。
已经做过部分真题依然但依然未过级的同学，不用过早进入做题继续错题再做再错的怪圈。可以利用做过的真题来背词，这样效率更高。尤其推荐通过播放听过的听力材料的形式，抽查自己的听写单词及短语的能力。
特别提示：多次考试处于420分数以下的同学务必尽早开动。此分数段同学英语学*方法存在重大问题。听课或看书来改正方法可能比自己学效果好得多。
四月到五月：强化备考(最核心期)
核心：真题训练
第一轮：
(4月21日至5月20日，每日复*时间：2.5小时~3小时)
谁都知道备考四六级的最佳资料就是历年真题，但如果你做真题时出现以下情况，真题基本没有发挥作用：
1. 完成一套，对答案，一段时间后再做下一套;
2. 把阅读和听力选择题作为重点，一般不写作文，不做听写;
3. 只有一本真题集。
我自己推荐的方法是：
1. 买两套真题，按照约4天一套题目的速度练*;
2. 按照考试时间，完成所有题目(包括作文和听写，写不下去也要撑30分钟);
3. 确认答案，估计分数，标记在题目之前，作为记录;
4. 分析所有错题和不确定的题目(此环节可能需要看真题解析或询问高手或者老师)，并且总结记录出现在准确选项，你选错的选项，答案对应原文等位置的生词;
5. 尝试翻译所有题目的准确答案项以及对应原文;
6. 听力至少再听两遍;
7. 努力记住第四步记录的单词或短语。
如此说来，完成一套真题的时间，至少在四个小时以上，1-4 步和5-7步可以在两至三日内分别完成。特别提醒，作文最好找老或高手批改，否则自己写下去几乎没有提高。
第二轮：
(5月21日至6月5日，每日复*时间：2.5小时~3小时)
这段时间，拿出第二套真题集，抽取大约六套左右原来做过的题目重新做。如果准确率极高，说明之前真题练*不错，反之则证明效果不佳。要特别注意重复做错的题目。
这两个月是备考的黄金期，放弃了这一段时间，就等于放弃了所有过级可能性。听课，接受引导式学*，是保证部分倍感自控无望的同学学*进度的最好方式。清明和五一长假的肆意玩耍经常会使得之前学*成果瞬间灰飞烟灭。还是那句话，坚持，就几乎等于胜利。 六月上旬：冲刺备考
核心：回顾错题，模拟考试
(6月6日至6月13日，每日复*时间：2.5小时~3小时)
几乎所有考试失败的前辈都会悲叹上场之后，考试时间不够，所以再次强化自己的考场能力成为最后时日的关键。
拿出最后剩余的真题，选择早晨的9点整(四级)或下午的3点整(六级)，计时完成题目。你需要分析自己的强弱项，提前计划在正式考试时如何利用优势弥补劣势，让分数最大化。
当然，继续背那些重复出现却总是记混的单词也是好的选择。 如果完成了上述一切，恭喜你，你将极有可能在14年6月14日的考试中获得满意成绩，并且形成一套不仅仅局限于英语学*的良好学*方法。拥有坚持的*惯和正确的方法，一切关于是否取消考试的传言，不过是朵朵浮云。各位加油。
第一步（30天）（两个任务都要抓）
任务一《背单词、低强度模拟题、无意识翻短语表》。
准备一本四级单词手册，建议到书店购买新东方的四级大纲词汇乱序版（绿皮的），大概有30个单元的单词，每天背诵一个单元，1个月正好背会，仅仅会英译汉即可（认识即可）。背单词方法可参考 30分钟记住所有四六级核心词汇（附录一），包括所有的四级大纲的高频单词.也可以优先背诵英语四级一千个核心词汇，内含每个单词记忆方法（附录二）
任务二《做往年真题，不考了的题型不必做》
背三天单词后就要开始做真题，每三天一套，一天做，两天改，对着答案逐句翻译，详细改正。四级真题和模拟题都行，书店都有，建议买考拉进阶牌子的题源四级《考拉四级全真试卷(10真题+3题源预测+4795词汇手册)》，上海交通大学，齐鲁电子音像出版社，也可以买其他的版本，只要有“考拉”或“题源”字样都行。非常棒的题！！！
第二步（18天）《中强度背短语、单词复*、低强度模拟题》。
四六级改革后词组短语比单词要重要得多，听力复合式听写增加短语听写，这要求对听到的短语极其熟练，并且能清楚地听出连读和爆破音，如果仅仅是认识或者背过一两遍短语，那么不可能如此条件反射的听懂所读短语并且精确默写。而且不仅听力，阅读上仅仅看懂单词往往依然无法看懂句子，无法读懂文章，而且翻译、作文和复合式听写更需要较大短语量的支持。但是四六级常见短语有上千个，还有变形和异构体，应该是从你高考完事就开始背的，所以成功留给有准备的人！新东方给他们大二学生发的那个新东方短语表（附录三&四）挺好用的，这个绝对是高频的短语，共两篇，一共720个。每天背40个，一共分18天正好背完。
背短语的这18天，保持随时巩固单词，放学后躺在宿舍里就着手进行单词复*，看单词书！ 背短语的这18天必须必须保持每3天做真题或模拟题一套！！！！！
第三步，（22天）《背作文万能句、高强度模拟考试》。
作文在英语等级考试中的作用是无可估量的！不要以为会点单词能看懂文章分数就高了，每年都有很多人，阅读答了两百多分，结果作文50多分，照样过不去！
这个大概一共是几百个句子，自己选择喜欢的用得上的背诵，好像是分成6类的，这十天根据自己需要就一天背5-12句吧。
另外，强调一下四六级的模拟题、真题利用方法：《模拟考试》：
模拟考试方法：进入十月之后至少也要五天一套。四级题的做法是按照考场要求先答作文，限时30分钟，然后快速阅读，限时15分钟，然后答其他的，并控制总时间不超过2小时05分。绝对不可以中途发短信、看手机、上厕所、喝水、吃东西，不答作文和不计时答卷更是十分错误的做法，这也是这段文字我拟的标题是《模拟考试》而不是《做题》的原因。很多四六级考试失败的同学并不是没有努力备考，而是因为没有按照考试的'时间和*惯进行模拟，导致考场上不*惯。人都有一个追求本能*惯的潜意识，就像熬夜学*的人不能起早、四点半吃晚饭的人七点吃饭会很饿一样，*惯发生变化就会导致不适应。你*常模拟题不写作文考场上让你写作文就会闹心，闹心就会影响成绩。而且通过*常的全真模拟，你会形成一套自己的答题模式。另外根据经验，要按照710分的模式批，百分制毫无意义。（建议详细研读后面标准分转化表部分）。
第四步，（30天）《继续背作文万能句、低强度模拟考试、反向记单词、单词测试、听力总攻》。
作文万能句反复复*，这一个月每天重头到尾读一遍！（记住，一定要每天读一遍，既然你看到这里了，就希望你能坚持，这套复*计划的特色就是环环相扣，效果叠加，哪个环节出现漏项，叠加效果就会消失！都影响整个复*成果的！记住，坚持方能创造奇迹！） 小规模的模拟考试，每周1-2套题，精改！做过的所有卷纸，都要用红笔详细的改好，我随便拿一张你做过的四六级卷纸问你一句话如果你不能给我翻译过来，那说明这套卷纸你改的不精。精改一套胜过略做十套，如果你改完的卷纸不是红笔满篇标记无数旁批若干的话，那说明你改的不细！这是十分致命的！
30天时间，反向记忆单词，每天1个单元，30天正好30个单元，这次是要求汉译英的！！不是认识就可以的，你做模拟题的时候其实就会发现，复合式听写的长句子写不出来很多时候都是因为单词拼写不会，你只背英译汉导致单词根本不会写，更不可能听出来，即使听出来也写不对。所以反向记单词这个环节切勿省去，否则别想答高分。
同时30天时间把新东方绿皮乱序版单词本后面的300道单词复*用的选择题做了，每天10道，详细改正，忘记的单词要认真回顾记忆。
听力要先做，做完对答案，错误的题目标记，但不写正确答案，然后不看原文再听，把打叉的题自己改过来，然后再看答案，看看哪些改对了，哪些没有改对，然后看原文听一遍，对照原文分析自己没听出的部分是什么原因，最后再次播放一遍，仔细体会刚刚没听出来的部分的发音方法和句子结构。四级听力一般是不单独复*的，因为练*真题过程中以及每周答模拟题过程中都会有涉及的，但是如果你听力很差，也可以到书店买一些听力辅导书，四级听力和六级听力都有的，至于什么网上的四六级听力课程班，已经有多个人问我了，这个说实话辅导班确实是有效的，但更多的还要靠你自己，辅导班只是在网上教给你如何去听，如果你学*的自觉性比较差还是算了吧。
第五步，（考前两天） 《看做过的卷纸》
记住，溪水和岩石的较量胜利的总是溪水，不是因为力量，而是因为坚持。
做过的卷纸，看错题，看标记的单词，能看多少看多少，由于大家的题量不同，不一定非得都要复*一遍，但是要不断翻，反复翻，，一遍一遍的翻！。
考前一周的晚上，建议耳朵不要闲着，晚上22:30-23:00之间，把四六级真题听力拿出来裸听（就是不看原文，因为你已经都做过的了），主要是熟悉英语环境。
第六步，（考前一天的下午，计半天）《重翻作文》。
1、把作文万能句拿出来再好好读读，一遍一遍地读，不要觉得这一下午就读这个感觉很浪费，考场上你就知道这一下午读万能句的巨大作用了，周五那个下午就看作文万能句，虽然你之前背过，但你应该对自己的记忆力有了解吧，背过记不住多少的，这个下午的强化太重要了！
2、把你亲手写过改过的作文拿出来，看看红笔标记的部分，自己容易犯哪些语法错误，尤其是自己的拼写错误一定要反复看看，因为好多拼写错误都是你的思维定势，如果不看，考场上你还会那样写的！
第七步，（最后一个晚上，计1-2小时）《四六级考前必须重温的一百个单词》。
这是考试前的最后一个晚上，把《英语四六级考前必须重温的100个单词》（附录六）再看一遍，有不认识的词也不要紧，有个印象就能有助阅读，单词生疏对阅读速度是十分不利的，然后保持个好心情，十点半之前上床，11点之前正式睡觉，早上正常起床即可，考试当天的早晨，舒舒服服上考场，等待你的必将是累累的硕果！
分值换算
英语四六级考试实施710分制而不是百分制，过级分数线是426分即60%。（一般省份425分也算通过）。100分到710分两种分制之间有一个复杂的计算公式，需要参考标准分常模和考生排名，涉及很多函数还要考虑考正态分布。这个公式我们是很难弄懂的，所以暂时无需操心，考前我会在空间告诉大家如何批改自己的模考试卷计算自己的成绩。
考试时需要额外注意的问题：
1. 英语四六级考试作文没有草稿纸，不能打草稿，必须直接写，*常模拟的时候*惯打草稿的同学，请尽快改掉这个*惯。
2. 英语四六级考试作文是限时的，先发作文答题纸（即答题卡一），作文限时是30分钟，这期间你是看不到其他题目的，所以作文写太快是没有用的，写完你也不能干别的！所以考试总时间130分钟有30分钟是作文，剩余时间就很少了，不容乐观。
3. 作文限时30分钟，但是25分钟的时候就发阅读的题了，只不过这个时候不允许翻看，作文限时结束后打铃或者老师口头宣布可以答阅读了，这个时候作文卡是不收回的。
4. 播放听力之前有试音时间和发答题卡二的时间（听力答题卡与之前不是一张卡，之前的答题卡一已经收走了），所以你有足够的时间读题，和你们说这个是因为好多人答模拟题的时候都是利用录音中度direction的时间看题，考试的时候多了一些时间却不知道怎么利用了，这个时候要全力集中看题！都读一遍也是时间足够的，但是要全力集中！这是决定听力胜败的命脉时刻！！
5、20xx年12月22日，迎来了第三次全国四六级大改革，全国统一首用“多题多卷”形式。参加本月22号四六级考试的童鞋们注意了：本次考试首次实行“多题多卷”的考试形式，即在同一考场内使用多套试卷进行考试，每一套试卷的题目内容都不一样，是真正意义上的“多卷”。跟以往采用一套试题, 仅通过题目顺序变化实现“多卷”有所不同。考试时考生除按原有要求填（涂）答题卡上相关内容外，还须讲试题册封底上的条形码揭下，粘贴在答题卡二的相应框内，而且考生要在试题册封底指定位置填写姓名和准考证号，任何一个环节有误整个试卷作废。
一、四六级总分值占比&考试时间
四六级总分为710分，分值比例为：作文15%，听力35%，阅读35%，翻译15%，即作文106.5分，听力248.5分，阅读248.5分，翻译106.5分。
从分值可得粗，作文和翻译是很重要，光一项就是106.5分!故二者皆不可丢!
四六级考试时长130分钟，各项考试时间为：作文30分钟，听力30分钟，阅读40分钟，翻译40分钟。
二、四六级分项题型描述&分值比例说明
A 作文：
写作部分测试学生用英语进行书面表达能力。写作测试选用考生所熟悉题材，要求考生根据所提供信息及提示(如：提纲、情景、图片或图表等)写出一篇短文， 四级12x-180词，六级150-2x0词。分值占比15%。
B 听力理解：
测试学生获取口头信息能力，录音材料用标准英式或美式英语朗读，语速四级约每分钟130词，六级约每分钟150词。
听力部分各项占比为：对话15%，短文2x%。分值占比15%。
1) 对话部分(Listening Conversations)：
对话部分共15题，包括短对话和长对话，均采用多项选择题形式进行考核。每段对话均朗读一遍，每个问题后留有13-15秒答题时间。
短对话：短对话有8段，每段提一个问题;分值占比8%。
长对话：有2段，每段提3-4个问题;分值占比716年英语四六级各题型分值及结构说明2x16年英语四六级各题型分值及结构说明。
2) 短文部分：
包括短文理解及单词和词组听写。
a. 短文理解：3篇短文，共10题。
——大学英语四级作文 (菁华5篇)
Omen are playing an increasingly important part in society today. in today, many women have a work. they worked as well as men playing an important part in factories. there are many women in government also. they lead other people country, and make out plans. there are many scientist slso. they event new things to improve our life.
ith the changes in their social role, women’s position in the family has been improved as well. in ancient, women’s position in family is pity. they had to looks after their children, did every how husband ordered her to do. but now it is changed. they are equal to her husband. they have the right of speaking of idea, discussion thing with her husband, do what she wants to do.
in spite of these changes, the liberation of women has not been completely realized. we also should realize, women’ likerty are limited. for example, many factories want men become its workers but the chance of women is less than men. everyone should do their best to change this condition. i’m sure, the liberation of women would be increased.
On Uncivilized Behaviors
We cannot fail to notice that countless uncivilized behaviors exist in our daily lives, such as spitting, talking loudly, littering, saying nasty words in public places and so forth. All these are bad manners that we should not lose sight of. As an ancient land enjoying a splendid civilization spanning over 5,000 years, China is witnessing a surge in improper acts that every Chinese citizen should feel ashamed of. Uncivilized behaviors by a host of Chinese both at home and abroad have seriously affected Chinas image, according to an editorial posted on People Dailys official website.
As Chinese, we should not get offended when others point out our weaknesses but should focus more attention on improving ourselves. We should strive to identify the causes of those improper behaviors and find ways to eliminate them. There are a host of causes, I would argue, behind this trend. To name only one: the lack of moral education. The government should wage a massive moral campaign to fight against this trend and we ourselves should endeavor to behave decently in our daily lives. As college students of the new age, we should take the leading role.
In China, there’s a saying that "The landscape of Guilin tops that of any other place under heaven." In light of this, I will recommend Guilin as the first destination of my foreign friend’s trip to China.
Overlooking the Li Jiang River, Guilin is located in the northeast of Guangxi. The name was derived from the cassia trees of the location. The trees line the streets of the town with yellow flowers blossoming every September, filling the air with sweet scent. Guilin is a place of breath-taking scenery. From ancient times, Guilin has been noted for its elegant landscape. It features beautiful mountains, clear rivers, grotesque rocks andmystic crags, which is a feast for the eyes. Sitting on a bamboo raft drifting down the river, visitors can see the varied shapes of the pinnacles reflected in the water. They will feel as if they were in a scroll of Chinese landscape painting.I believe that my foreign friend will marvel at the unparalleled beauty of Guilin.
As is shown in the picture, a girl holding an admission notice is telling her mother, “Good news mom! I was accepted to the college of your choice.” It indicates that parents have decided too much for their children.
In China, parents like to decide everything for their children, such as what extracurricular classes they should take, what kind of friends they should make, and even which college they should enter. However, this is not good for them. On one hand, children cannot truly grow up if they are not given the choice of making their own decisions by themselves. On the other hand, parents’ decisions are not always right. For example, if your child likes and excels in drawing and you insist letting him enter a business school, then you may become his dream-killer.
All in all, parents should give their children more space to make their own decisions.
Nowadays,the overwhelming influence of advertisements on media has made too many controversial social issues．Some people argue that advertisements make the audience have the similar look by driving them to buy products of the same brand．Personally,I fundamentally agree with this assertion,and my reasons will be explored as below．
Admittedly,the literal intention of advertisements is to sharpen the concept of individualism．For the purpose of distinguishing brand names,slogans and testimonials in advertisement are always full of very personalized words,including "new","innovation","uniqueness","revolution","the best","the only","the first"．It is clear that core values of these words bring people a motivation to change,and a desire to try something distinctive．Consequently,the gap between people can be broadened,because any individual is stimulated by advertisements to express their personalities by buy different items,instead of following common tastes．
However,when considering practical effects of advertisements on the society,I strongly believe they play a role of depersonalizing the audience,and the first reason is that commercials are the key tool for big companies to monopolize the market．One hand,many big companies invest billions of dollars annually in making fascinating and prepossessing advertisements to attract the public,which consistently maintains the loyalty of patrons,and cultivate good impressions of potential customers on their brands．On the other hand,small companies have too limited financial ability to afford these costly publicity campaigns,so that their names and influences continue to fade and lose consumer groups．That is to say,advertisements,an expensive privilege only for rich and big companies,help these companies exclusively occupy the market,as well as reducing the diversity of brands．In this situation,people definitely look the same,because they have no other options but buy the same-brand food,clothes and devices produced by a dominating company．
Another reason supporting this assertion lies on the fact that exposure to advertisements standardizes thoughts and tastes among audiences,especially in terms of their appearance．A typical example comes from fashion,cosmetic and shampoo commercials which highlight the close-up of images of certain model or celebrity．This is a strong brainwash by im*ing that images of these actors are common standards of human beauty,and then triggering massive public imitation shows round by round．In too many cases,large groups of hypnotized people,regardless of ages,careers and races,blindly follow and chase so-called iconic figures in an advertisement,mainly through buying and using the same lipstick and perfume,wearing same clothes,watch,ornaments and bag,even copying the same hair style．
In conclusion,I believe the main social influence of advertisements is to make people have the similar images apparently．Although slogans of advertisements tend to individualize the audience,the truth is that advertisements not only let big companies rule the market solely,but also manipulate the public’s minds to buy the same things．
——大学英语四级真题作文 (菁华5篇)
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Attend Your Classes Regularly。You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.
1、现在大学校园里，迟到、早退、旷课是常见的现象
2、保证学生的出勤率对大学教育的重要性
3、作为一个大学生应该怎样做
Attend Your Classes Regularly
Nowadays it is a very common phenomenon that some university students are late for or even absent from classes. And still there are some students who slip out of the classroom before the class is over. Class attendance has become a thorny problem to both the students and teachers.
In fact, it is very important for the students to attend their classes regularly. First, it will ensure you to catch up with the teachers in your learning. That is very helpful to you if you want to do a good job in your study. Second, attending classes regularly is a way of showing respect to your teachers ,too. Your teachers will feel bad if the students do not attend their classes, which, in turn, will affect their teaching and be no good for the students. Third, attending classes regularly will help to form a good habit of punctuality, which is of great importance for the students to do a good job in the future.
Therefore, we university students should form the good habit of attending our classes regularly from now on. And some day we‘ll benefit from it.
点评：20xx年元月三日，中山大学博士发帖称遭导师虐待；20xx年元月四日，*政法大学爆“杨帆门”事件；*几年，中小学老师或打学生或猥亵学生、体罚学生等各类新闻不断曝光，进而引发了师生关系的大讨论。本范例题为四级考试传统的问题解决型的写作，与校园生活密切相关。
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Students’ Rating of Their Teachers。You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.
1、学生给老师打分已经普遍
2、人们对其持不同态度
3、我的看法
Students‘ Rating of Their Teachers
Nowadays, it has become as common in colleges and universities for students to grade teachers as for teachers to grade students. In some universities students‘ rating has even become the only source of information on teaching effectiveness..
This, however, has caused great controversy. Some are in favor of the rating system, They hold that since students attend the teachers‘ classes every day, they should have their opinion about their teachers‘ effectiveness. Others, on the contrary, are strongly against it. They believe that there is much more to teaching than what is shown on students‘ rating forms. Students should not be expected to judge whether the materials they use are up to date or how well the teacher knows about the subject. These judgments require professional knowledge, which is best left for the teachers‘ colleagues.
I think students‘ rating of their teachers is necessary, but it should be conducted in a way that can really shed meaningful light on teachers‘ performance. Instead of rating the teachers‘ knowledge on the subject, students should be asked to estimate what they have learned in a course, and to report on such things as a teacher‘s ability to communicate with students, his or her relationship with students, and his or her ability to arouse students‘ interest in the subject.
点评：越来越多的高校采取让学生给老师打分的形式来了解教学反馈，并以此作为促进教学质量的有效手段。对此做法，管理部门及教学双方褒贬不一，看法迥异。本范例题为校园生活热议话题，值得关注。
Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have two options upon graduation: one is to take a job in a company and the other to go to a graduate school. You are to make a choice between the two. Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Facing the two options, I will choose to take a job in a company. There are mainly two reasons for my choice.
On one hand, I am eager to ap* what I’ve learned to practice since I have got so many years’ schooling. Moreover, I am somewhat tired of the “ivory tower” life and ready for the “real world” life, for I assume that I can learn more from getting in touch with society. On the other hand, my family needs my financial support, because my parents are getting older and older and making less and less. Though it doesn’t take much to pursue my further study, I cannot support my parents financially if I choose to go to a graduate school.
To sum up, to take a job in a company meets my desire of learning from practice and support my parents financially, which is a better choice for me.
【参考译文】
面对两个选择，我会选择去公司工作。作出这个选择，主要有两个原因。
一方面，因为接受了这么多年的学校教育，我急于把自己的所*用到实践中。另外，我有些厌倦象牙塔生活了，准备迎接现实生活，因为我认为从接触社会中会学到更多。另一方面，我的家庭需要我的经济支持吗，因为我的父母变得越来越老，挣得越来越少。虽然继续学业并不会花多少钱，但是如果我去读研究生我就不能从经济上支持我的父母。
总之，在公司工作，既满足我从实践中学*的愿望，也满足我从经济上支持我的父母的愿望，对我来说是一个更好的选择。
【真题解析】
这道作文题目，是一道很好写的.题目，跟大学生息息相关。在写作时，我们只需要选择其中一个，并给出做出该决定的原因即可。原因是主观的，每个人做出某个选择都会有理由，所以面对这道题目，每个考生都会有话可说。罗列两个原因时，可以用firstly, secondly, on one hand, on the other hand, for one thing, for another等引出。表达时，逻辑要清晰，语法及词汇要正确。
For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay.Suppose you have two options upon graduation: one is to take a job in a company and the other to go to a graduate school.You are to make a choice between the two.Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Facing the two options,I will choose to take a job in a company.There are mainly two reasons for my choice.
On one hand,I am eager to ap* what I’ve learned to practice since I have got so many years’ s chooling.Moreover,I am somewhat tired of the “ivory tower” life and ready for the “real world” life,for I assume that I can learn more from getting in touch with society.On the other hand,my family needs my financial support,because my parents are getting older and older and making less and less.Though it doesn’t take much to pursue my further study,I cannot support my parents financially if I choose to go to a graduate school.
To sum up,to take a job in a company meets my desire of learning from practice and support my parents financially,which is a better choice for me.
studying the english language in an english-speaking country is the best but not the only way to learn the language.do you agree or disagree with this statement?
learning english in an english speaking country has many advantages.it is,therefore,a good idea to learn english in britain or america.however,i believe it is not the only way to learn the language.
to begin with,most students in non-english-speaking countries learn english in high schools or universities.although their spoken english is not usually of a very high standard,their knowledge of grammar is often quite advanced.this is certainly useful when later they come to an english-speaking country to perfect the language.
however,it is obviously advantageous to learn english in english speaking countries where,every day,students will have ample chance to practise listening and speaking.in addition,students can experience the foreign culture,which greatly helps understand the language.this is especially true if they choose to live with an english or american family.still,since students are taught by native speakers,their reading and writing skills will improve as well.
as every coin has two sides,learning english at home also proves effective.at home students will have less stress and fewer problems in accommodation,expensive tuition and living costs.
in conclusion,it is preferable to study english in an english speaking country,but a reasonable level of english can be achieved at home,if a student is gifted and dedicated to study.
——大学英语四级阅读技巧优选【5】篇
答题技巧一： 详略得当
对于大学英语四级阅读来说，根据题目的“题眼”快速在文章中找到答案是最关键的，这样我们就要在阅读时注意详略得当。克服精读精益求精的*惯，做到有信息处精读，无信息处略读，略读处一扫而过。
题目中数字、人名等信息(题眼)在原文中对应的部分必须详读。而对所要解释或证明的观点的细节举例处或者通常有数个名词的并列项，它们不是完整的主谓宾的句子，因此无法与问题对应的详细列举处，都可以略读。
答题技巧二：显性信息
查读的信息通常是显性信息，只要将问题在原文中进行准确定位就能得到正确答案，一般不需要做推理。
特别提示：考生对于以下一些显性信息也应注意。
(1) 表示因果关系的词或词组：because， reason， due to， since， so that， therefore等
(2) 表示目的关系的词或词组：in order to， so as to， by等
(3) 表示转折关系的词或词组：but， however， yet等
(4) 表示对比关系的词或词组：contrary to， unlike， like等
答题技巧三：题文同序
英语四级考试的阅读部分，问题顺序与原文顺序一致(有时顺序不一致)，这就要求考生应该按照题目的顺序依次做题。
答题技巧四：分解对应
分解对应四分法：快速将问题分解成4个部分(主A 谓B宾C+其他D)，与原文进行对比。
答题技巧五：选小不选大
四级阅读中，问题的范围必须小于原文范围，反之则不选。
不能选的选项为：
(1) 选项的信息与原文内容相反
(2) 选项将原文的意思张冠李戴
(3) 将原文中的不确定因素转化为确定因素
(4) 改变原文中的条件、范围等
答题技巧六： 主宾判定
四级阅读中，将题干的句子进行简单分解后，问题中的主语、宾语在原文未出现或被偷换概念，则不选。
不选的选项：
(1) 选项表述无中生有
(2) 原文中作者的目的、意图、愿望等内容在选项作为客观事实陈述
(3) 将原文中的特殊情况推广为普遍现象
(4) 将原文的内容具体化
(5) 随意比较原文中的两个事物
答题技巧七：相关信息准确合并
考生遇到问题时，不能只局限在某一段里面找答案，可以先做后面的题目，在后面的阅读中发现还有该题的答案时，将相关信息合并后再确定答案。
大学英语四级阅读排除选项四大原则
排除原则NO.1： 排除与原文相关句态度相反的选项
态度相反原则，即选项所述主题与原文正好相反或态度不一致，可立即排除。
排除原则NO.2：排除与原文相关句主题不一致的选项
主题一致性，是排除法的第一要义。很多题目，仅仅通过主题不一致原则就可以排除得出正确答案。
句子主题，通常体现在名词或动词上。因此审题和排除选项时，首先要关注句子中的核心名词和动词，找寻题目与选项的一致性。
排除原则NO.3：：排除用语过于极端或负面的选项
四级阅读文章来源多为学术性的报纸期刊，其语言的一大特征是客观性和严谨性，因此鲜少出现极端或过于负面信息的表达。如果题目选项中出现明显的极端选项，可以直接排除。
排除原则NO.4：注意结合文章主旨和主题做排除
在解答个别较困难的题目时，除了应用以上排除原则外，还可以结合全文主旨和主题来排除选项作答，有时可大大简化做题的难度。
大学英语四级阅读7大答题技巧
答题技巧一： 详略得当
对于大学英语四级阅读来说，根据题目的“题眼”快速在文章中找到答案是最关键的，这样我们就要在阅读时注意详略得当。克服精读精益求精的*惯，做到有信息处精读，无信息处略读，略读处一扫而过。
题目中数字、人名等信息(题眼)在原文中对应的部分必须详读。而对所要解释或证明的观点的细节举例处或者通常有数个名词的并列项，它们不是完整的主谓宾的句子，因此无法与问题对应的详细列举处，都可以略读。
答题技巧二：显性信息
查读的信息通常是显性信息，只要将问题在原文中进行准确定位就能得到正确答案，一般不需要做推理。
特别提示：考生对于以下一些显性信息也应注意
(1) 表示因果关系的词或词组：because, reason, due to, since, so that, therefore等
(2) 表示目的关系的词或词组：in order to, so as to, by等
(3) 表示转折关系的词或词组：but, however, yet等
(4) 表示对比关系的词或词组：contrary to, unlike, like等
答题技巧三：题文同序
英语四级考试的阅读部分，问题顺序与原文顺序一致(有时顺序不一致)，这就要求考生应该按照题目的顺序依次做题。
答题技巧四：分解对应
分解对应四分法：快速将问题分解成4个部分(主A 谓B宾C+其他D)，与原文进行对比。
答题技巧五：选小不选大
四级阅读中，问题的范围必须小于原文范围，反之则不选。
不能选的选项为：
(1) 选项的信息与原文内容相反
(2) 选项将原文的意思张冠李戴
(3) 将原文中的'不确定因素转化为确定因素
(4) 改变原文中的条件、范围等
答题技巧六： 主宾判定
四级阅读中，将题干的句子进行简单分解后，问题中的主语、宾语在原文未出现或被偷换概念，则不选。不选的选项：
(1) 选项表述无中生有
(2) 原文中作者的目的、意图、愿望等内容在选项作为客观事实陈述
(3) 将原文中的特殊情况推广为普遍现象
(4) 将原文的内容具体化
